Recording, monitoring and predicting the location of things, and their interrelationships are a powerful way to organise information in complex environments- especially when many stakeholders, considerations and challenges surround these things. Unique geographic identifiers provide the consistent reference point to achieve a clarity and continuity amongst change- and provide a solid foundation for future initiatives to be built upon.

BIM-GIS

Integrating different systems used in city management represents a continuing challenge

Indoor / Outdoor

Efficient 3D indoor navigation can offer customers access to relevant information and provide a more efficient method for using various indoor spaces.

Under / Above

The underground infrastructure is a very complex and heterogeneous system with many different functions, owners and users.

Voxels

Spatial information in 3D has many appearances, leading to many different representations.

3D DBMS

Effective management of different 3D spatial data is a challenging process

Deep learning

The increasing amount of 3D data can provide useful information for tasks with the rich content

Digital twin

Digital Twins combine a series of technologies to deliver a virtual representation of the real world, enabling simulation, analysis, sharing and communication of spatial knowledge.